Nyuma yimyaka irenga itatu itinze, abashakashatsi barimo kwitegura gutangiza igeragezwa ry’amavuriro rigamije gusuzuma akamaro ko kunywa marijuwana y’ubuvuzi mu kuvura indwara y’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana (PTSD) ku basezerewe mu ngabo. Inkunga yatanzwe muri ubu bushakashatsi iva mu misoro iva mu bucuruzi bwa marijuwana yemewe muri Michigan.
Ishyirahamwe Multidisciplinary for Research Psychedelic Drug Research (MAPS) ryatangaje kuri iki cyumweru ko Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge (FDA) cyemeje ubushakashatsi bw’icyiciro cya kabiri, MAPS yasobanuye mu itangazo rigenewe abanyamakuru ko ari “ubushakashatsi butemewe, bugenzurwa n’ibibanza by’abasirikare 320 bagiye mu kiruhuko cyiza abakozi bari barakoresheje marijuwana kandi barwaye indwara idahwitse kandi ikomeye nyuma yo guhahamuka.
Uyu muryango wavuze ko ubu bushakashatsi “bugamije gukora iperereza ku kugereranya guhumeka ibintu byinshi THC yumye Fried Dough Twists hamwe n’urumogi rwa placebo, kandi ikinini cya buri munsi gihindurwa n’abitabiriye ubwabo.” Ubu bushakashatsi bugamije kwerekana uburyo bwo kurya bwagaragaye mu gihugu hose, no kwiga “ikoreshwa nyaryo ry’urumogi, kumva inyungu n’ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kuvura indwara ziterwa n’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana.”
MAPS yavuze ko umushinga umaze imyaka myinshi witegura kandi ugaragaza ko hari ibibazo byinshi byahuye nabyo igihe wasabye uruhushya rw’ubushakashatsi muri FDA, rukaba rwakemutse vuba aha. Uyu muryango wagize uti: “Nyuma y’imyaka itatu imishyikirano na FDA, iki cyemezo gifungura inzira y’ubushakashatsi buzaza kuri marijuwana nk'uburyo bwo kwivuza kandi buzana ibyiringiro kuri miliyoni.
Itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara na MAPS rigira riti: “Iyo usuzumye ikoreshwa rya marijuwana mu kuvura indwara z’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana, ububabare, n’izindi ndwara zikomeye z’ubuzima, aya makuru ni ingenzi mu kumenyesha abarwayi, abatanga ubuvuzi, ndetse n’abaguzi bakuze, ariko inzitizi z’amabwiriza zagize akamaro. ubushakashatsi ku mutekano n’ingirakamaro ku bicuruzwa bya marijuwana ubusanzwe bikoreshwa ku masoko yagenzuwe biragoye cyane cyangwa bitagerwaho
MAPS yavuze ko uko imyaka yagiye ihita, yasubije amabaruwa atanu yo guhagarika ivuriro ya FDA, abangamira iterambere ry’ubushakashatsi.
Uyu muryango ukomeza ugira uti: “Ku ya 23 Kanama 2024, MAPS yasubije ibaruwa ya gatanu ya FDA ivuga ku ihagarikwa ry’amavuriro maze itanga icyifuzo cyo gukemura amakimbirane (FDRR) kugira ngo gikemure itandukaniro riri hagati y’ubumenyi n’amabwiriza n’ishami ku bibazo bine by'ingenzi”: “ )
Umushakashatsi nyamukuru w’ubwo bushakashatsi, umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe Sue Sisley, yavuze ko uru rubanza ruzafasha kurushaho gusobanura ishingiro ry’ubumenyi bwo gukoresha marijuwana y’ubuvuzi mu kuvura indwara z’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana. N'ubwo ikoreshwa rya marijuwana ryiyongera ku barwayi bafite ibibazo by'ihungabana nyuma yo guhahamuka no kuba ryarashyizwe muri gahunda nyinshi z’ubuvuzi bwa marijuwana, yavuze ko kuri ubu nta makuru ahamye yo gusuzuma imikorere y'ubwo buryo bwo kuvura.
Sisley mu ijambo rye yagize ati: “Muri Amerika, miliyoni z'Abanyamerika zigenzura cyangwa zivura ibimenyetso byazo binyuze mu kunywa itabi bitaziguye cyangwa gukoresha ikoreshwa rya elegitoroniki ya marijuwana. Bitewe no kutagira amakuru yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ajyanye no gukoresha urumogi, amakuru menshi aboneka ku barwayi ndetse n'abashinzwe kugenzura ibintu aturuka ku kubuza, kwibanda gusa ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa utitaye ku nyungu zishobora kuvurwa. ”
Mu myitozo yanjye, abarwayi b'inararibonye bavuze uburyo urumogi rwa marijuwana rushobora kubafasha kurwanya ibimenyetso by'ihungabana nyuma yo guhahamuka kuruta imiti gakondo, "Yakomeje. Kwiyahura kw'abasezerewe mu ngabo ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuzima rusange, ariko niba dushora imari mu bushakashatsi ku buvuzi bushya bw’ubuzima bwangiza ubuzima nk’ihungabana ry’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana, iki kibazo gishobora gukemuka
Sisley yavuze ko icyiciro cya kabiri cy’ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro “kizatanga amakuru abaganga nkanjye bashobora gukoresha mu gutegura gahunda yo kuvura no gufasha abarwayi kugenzura ibimenyetso by’ihungabana ry’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana
Allison Coker, ukuriye ubushakashatsi bw’urumogi muri MAPS, yavuze ko FDA yashoboye kugera kuri aya masezerano kuko iki kigo cyavuze ko kizemerera gukomeza gukoresha urumogi rw’ubuvuzi ruboneka mu bucuruzi rufite THC mu cyiciro cya kabiri. Nyamara, marijuwana ya elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike ikomeza guhagarara kugeza FDA ishobora gusuzuma umutekano wibikoresho runaka bitanga ibiyobyabwenge.
Mu rwego rwo gusubiza ibibazo FDA itandukanye yerekeye gushaka abitabiriye amahugurwa batigeze bahura n’ubuvuzi bwa marijuwana kugira ngo bitabira ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro, MAPS yavuguruye protocole yayo isaba abitabiriye amahugurwa “guhumeka (kunywa itabi cyangwa vapine) marijuwana.
FDA yibajije kandi igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubushakashatsi butuma umuntu yikosora - bivuze ko abitabiriye amahugurwa bashobora kunywa urumogi bakurikije ibyifuzo byabo, ariko ntibirenze umubare runaka, kandi MAPS yanze kumvikana kuri iyi ngingo.
Umuvugizi wa FDA yatangarije itangazamakuru ry’inganda ko adashobora gutanga amakuru arambuye yatumye hemezwa icyiciro cya kabiri, ariko agaragaza ko iki kigo “cyemera ko hakenewe ubundi buryo bwo kwivuza bw’indwara zikomeye zo mu mutwe nka nyuma y’ihungabana ihungabana
Ubushakashatsi bwatewe inkunga na Michigan Veterans Cannabis Research Grants Program, ikoresha umusoro wa leta wemewe na marijuwana mu gutanga inkunga ya FDA yemejwe n’ibizamini by’amavuriro bidaharanira inyungu “kugira ngo hakorwe iperereza ku kamaro ka marijuwana y’ubuvuzi mu kuvura indwara no gukumira ingaruka z’abakurambere muri Amerika Ibihugu.
Abayobozi ba leta batangaje miliyoni 13 z'amadorali yo gutera inkunga ubu bushakashatsi mu 2021, bikaba biri muri miliyoni 20 z'amadorari. Muri uwo mwaka, andi miliyoni 7 y’amadorali yagenewe ibiro by’umuryango w’ibikorwa by’ubukungu n’ubukungu bya kaminuza ya Leta ya Wayne, byafatanije n’abashakashatsi kwiga uburyo marijuwana y’ubuvuzi ishobora kuvura indwara zitandukanye zo mu mutwe, harimo n’ihungabana ry’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana, guhangayika, kubura ibitotsi, kwiheba, ndetse imyumvire yo kwiyahura.
Muri icyo gihe, mu 2022, Ubuyobozi bw'urumogi rwa Michigan bwasabye gutanga miliyoni 20 z'amadolari muri uwo mwaka muri kaminuza ebyiri: kaminuza ya Michigan na kaminuza ya Leta ya Wayne. Abambere basabye kwiga ku ikoreshwa rya CBD mu micungire y’ububabare, mu gihe aba nyuma bahawe inkunga y’ubushakashatsi bubiri bwigenga: imwe yari “igeragezwa rya mbere ryateganijwe, ryagenzuwe, rinini rinini” rigamije gukora iperereza niba ikoreshwa ry’urumogi rishobora kunoza imenyekanisha. y'ihungabana nyuma yo guhahamuka abahoze mu rugamba barimo kuvurwa igihe kirekire (PE); Ubundi bushakashatsi ni ingaruka za marijuwana yubuvuzi kuri neurobiologique ishingiye kuri neuroinflammation hamwe nigitekerezo cyo kwiyahura ku basezerewe mu ngabo bafite ikibazo cy’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana.
Uwashinze MAPS akaba na perezida Rick Doblin, yatangaje mu gihe uyu muryango watangarije ibizamini by’amavuriro FDA iherutse kwemeza ko abahoze mu ngabo z’Abanyamerika “bakeneye byihutirwa kuvurwa bishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso byabo by’ihungabana ry’ihungabana (PTSD).
MAPS yishimiye kuyobora inzira mu gufungura inzira nshya z'ubushakashatsi no guhangana n'ibitekerezo gakondo bya FDA ". Ubushakashatsi bwa marijuwana yubuvuzi burwanya uburyo bwa FDA bwo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge ukurikije gahunda nigihe. MAPS yanze guteshuka ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe kugira ngo ihuze n'ibitekerezo bisanzwe bya FDA, kugira ngo ubushakashatsi bwa marijuwana bugaragaze imikoreshereze yabwo mu buzima
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na MAPS ntabwo bwarimo marijuwana gusa, ahubwo nanone, nk'uko izina ry'umuryango ribigaragaza, ibiyobyabwenge byo mu mutwe. MAPS yashyizeho isosiyete ikora ibijyanye no guteza imbere ibiyobyabwenge, Lykos Therapeutics (yahoze yitwa MAPS Philanthropy), nayo yasabye FDA mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka kugira ngo yemererwe gukoresha methamphetamine (MDMA) mu kuvura indwara z’ihungabana nyuma y’ihungabana.
Ariko muri Kanama, FDA yanze kwemeza MDMA nk'imiti ivura. Ubundi bushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru cy’ubushakashatsi bwo mu mutwe bwerekanye ko nubwo ibisubizo by’amavuriro “bitera inkunga,” hakenewe ubundi bushakashatsi mbere yuko MDMA ifasha imiti (MDMA-AT) ishobora gusimbuza uburyo bwo kuvura ubu.
Bamwe mu bashinzwe ubuzima nyuma bavuze ko nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, iyi mbaraga iracyagaragaza iterambere ku rwego rwa guverinoma. Leith J. States, Umuyobozi mukuru w’ubuvuzi mu biro by’umunyamabanga wungirije w’ubuzima muri Amerika, yagize ati: “Ibi byerekana ko dutera imbere, kandi dukora ibintu buhoro buhoro.
Byongeye kandi, muri uku kwezi, umucamanza w’iburanisha w’ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge (DEA) yanze icyifuzo cya komite ishinzwe ibikorwa by’abasirikare (VAC) kugira uruhare mu iburanisha ryegereje ku cyifuzo cy’ubuyobozi bwa Biden cyatanzwe na marijuwana. VAC yavuze ko icyifuzo ari "ugushinyagurira ubutabera" kuko gikubiyemo amajwi y'ingenzi ashobora guterwa n'impinduka za politiki.
Nubwo DEA yashyizeho urutonde rwabatangabuhamya bafite uruhare runini, VAC yavuze ko ikomeje "kunanirwa" gusohoza inshingano zayo zo kwemerera abafatanyabikorwa gutanga ubuhamya. Ishyirahamwe ry'abahoze mu rugerero ryatangaje ko ibyo bishobora kugaragara bitewe n'umucamanza Mulroney yasubitse inzira y'iburanisha ku mugaragaro mu ntangiriro za 2025, kubera ko DEA yatanze amakuru adahagije ku byerekeye umwanya w'abatangabuhamya batoranijwe ku bijyanye no gutandukanya urumogi cyangwa impamvu bagomba gufatwa nk'abafatanyabikorwa. .
Muri icyo gihe kandi, Kongere y’Amerika yasabye umushinga w'itegeko rishya rya Sena muri uku kwezi rigamije guharanira imibereho myiza y’abasirikare bahuye n’imiti ishobora guteza akaga mu gihe cy’intambara y'ubutita, harimo salusinogene nka LSD, imiti y’imitsi, na gaze ya sinapi. Iyi gahunda yo kugerageza rwihishwa yakozwe kuva 1948 kugeza 1975 mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Maryland, kirimo abahoze ari abahanga mu bya Nazi bahaye ibyo bintu abasirikare b’Amerika.
Vuba aha, igisirikare cy’Amerika cyashoye amamiliyoni y’amadolari mu guteza imbere ubwoko bushya bw’imiti ishobora gutanga inyungu z’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bwihuse nk’imiti gakondo yo mu mutwe, ariko idatanga ingaruka zo mu mutwe.
Abahoze mu rugerero bagize uruhare runini mu kwemeza marijuwana y’ubuvuzi n’umuryango uharanira ivugurura ry’ibiyobyabwenge muri iki gihe ku rwego rwa leta na leta. Urugero, mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka, Ishami rishinzwe serivisi z’abasirikare (VSO) ryasabye abayoboke ba Kongere gukora byihutirwa ubushakashatsi ku nyungu zishobora guterwa n’ibiyobyabwenge byo mu mutwe bifasha kuvura na marijuwana.
Mbere y’ibyifuzo byatanzwe n’amashyirahamwe nk’ishyirahamwe ry’abasirikare b’abanyamerika bo muri Iraki na Afuganisitani, Ishyirahamwe ry’abasirikare b’abasirikare b’Abanyamerika mu mahanga, Ishyirahamwe ry’abasirikare b’abafite ubumuga bw’Abanyamerika, n’umushinga w’abasirikare bamugaye, imiryango imwe n'imwe yanenze ishami rishinzwe ibibazo by’abasirikare (VA) ko ari “ gahoro ”mu bushakashatsi bwa marijuwana mu gihe cy'umwaka ushize wumvise ishyirahamwe rya Veterans Service.
Ku buyobozi bw'abanyapolitiki bo muri Repubulika, imbaraga mu ivugurura zirimo kandi umushinga w'itegeko ry’ibiyobyabwenge rishyigikiwe n’ishyaka rya repubulika iharanira demokarasi muri kongere, ryibanda ku kugera ku basezerewe mu ngabo, impinduka zo mu rwego rwa Leta, hamwe n’iburanisha ryagutse ryaguka ku biyobyabwenge by’indwara zo mu mutwe.
Byongeye kandi, Depite Wisconsin, Depite Derrick Van Orden, yatanze umushinga w'itegeko ry’ibiyobyabwenge byo mu mutwe, ryasuzumwe na komite.
Van Oden kandi ni umwe mu bashyigikiye ingamba z’ibice bibiri zigamije gutanga inkunga muri Minisiteri y’Ingabo (DOD) kugira ngo ikore ibizamini by’amavuriro ku bushobozi bwo kuvura imiti imwe n'imwe yo mu mutwe y’abasirikare bakorana umwete. Iri vugurura ryashyizweho umukono n’itegeko na Perezida Joe Biden nyuma y’ivugururwa ry’itegeko ryemerera ingabo z’igihugu 2024 (NDAA).
Muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, abayobozi batera inkunga Kongere batangaje kandi gahunda yo gukoresha amafaranga akubiyemo miliyoni 10 z'amadolari yo guteza imbere ubushakashatsi ku biyobyabwenge byo mu mutwe.
Muri Mutarama uyu mwaka, Ishami rishinzwe ibibazo by’abasirikare ryatanze icyifuzo cyihariye gisaba ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge byo mu mutwe kugira ngo bivure indwara y’ihungabana nyuma yo guhahamuka no kwiheba. Mu Kwakira gushize, iryo shami ryatangije podcast nshya yerekeye ejo hazaza h’ubuvuzi bw’abasirikare, igice cya mbere cy’uruhererekane cyibanze ku bushobozi bwo kuvura imiti y’imiti.
Ku rwego rwa Leta, guverineri wa Massachusetts yashyize umukono ku mushinga w'itegeko ryibanda ku basezerewe mu ngabo, harimo ingingo zo gushyiraho itsinda rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge byo mu mutwe kugira ngo ryige kandi ritange ibyifuzo ku nyungu zishobora kuvura ibintu nka psilocybin na MDMA.
Hagati aho, muri Californiya, abadepite banze gusuzuma umushinga w'itegeko ry’ibice bibiri muri Kamena ryemerera umushinga w'icyitegererezo gutanga ubuvuzi bwa psilocybin ku basezerewe mu ngabo ndetse n'abahoze ari abatabazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-26-2024